It’s easy to overlook the importance of movement in D&D 5e.
But games, particularly those using miniatures and battle maps, rely heavily on characters’ positioning and movement speed. After all, it’s important to know how quickly you can close the gap between your character and the enemy (or get away if things are going bad!)
While spells, weapons, and armor tend to get the glory in combat, movement is the fine line between life and death for adventurers!
In addition to offensive uses, some types of movement also serve as defensive tactics. Flying and burrowing speeds open up entirely different dimensions of mobility for characters and monsters alike.
So today we’re going to take a look at movement in D&D 5e.
Types of Movement in D&D 5e
Speed
We’ll start with the basic movement in D&D 5e.
The average character has a standard movement speed of 30 feet. Smaller races like gnomes and halflings typically have a movement speed of 25 feet.
This speed represents a character’s standard movement and is how far they can move in a single turn without taking the Dash action.
(You can learn more about the Dash action in our article that covers actions in combat)
Flying
It’s difficult to overstate how useful flying is!
It’s usually a quick and safe way of getting to where you’re going. Flying is a great way to avoid dangers and obstacles while also having tactical use in combat.
Flying can be a little tricky, but it fundamentally changes how everyone at the table is viewing the combat scenario. Rather than looking at the scene horizontally, everyone must now consider the vertical elements at play.
If used correctly, flying creatures’ mobility helps them hit way above their CR. They can keep out of range of melee attacks and may even be able to quickly get out of the range of many spells!
Creatures with flying speeds are able to engage or escape quickly. Because they would be clever enough to use their extra mobility to their advantage, they also get a major leg up in combat.
This is especially true if they have the “flyby” trait that allows them to not provoke opportunity attacks when leaving a character’s reach.
Hovering
Looking over the Monster Manual, you may have seen creatures like the Beholder or Flameskull that have a hover speed. In a creature’s stat block, it would look like “fly 40ft (hover)” in the Speed section.
Hovering a defensive ability for these flying creatures.
Typically, a flying creature that is knocked prone, has its movement speed reduced to 0, or is otherwise unable to move will begin to fall.
This is obviously very bad for the creature. They lose their positioning, very likely take falling damage, and are probably getting dogpiled by the party.
If a creature has the ability to hover, however, they have considerably less to worry about. Finding themselves in such a situation, they are able to still hover in place until the effect in question ends. This means that they keep their positioning and avoid taking falling damage.
Burrowing
Some creatures in D&D 5e have a burrowing speed. Some common examples of creatures with the ability to burrow are bullettes, badgers, and umber hulks.
This type of movement speed can be very useful for getting around obstacles, surprising enemies, or making a getaway.
Because creatures that are burrowing can’t be seen, they can be very difficult to pin down. Spells and attacks that require the attacker to see the enemy are useless in these situations.
While larger creatures like Purple Worms may leave a tunnel that’s big enough to be ventured into, that’s still a very dangerous idea!
Burrowing may not be as fast as standard movement, but being able to dig through the ground opens up a whole world of creative and tactical uses!
Climbing
Creatures with a climbing speed don’t need to make athletics checks for climbing surfaces. They can just do it!
A normal creature or character attempting to climb something would need to make an athletics check to do so. On a success, they climb at half of their movement speed.
Climbing is something that I personally feel is horribly underused in combat.
Giant spiders, most oozes, and more can be used to terrifying effect by using vertical elements in the terrain.
A spider might shoot its web from the top of the 15 ft tunnel to restrain a character before dropping down to bite it.
A black pudding ooze may lurk above the party to drop down on a straggling party member. When hurt, it may attempt to climb away out of reach to make an escape.
Swimming
Much like how flying fundamentally changes how combat is being viewed, swimming is the same way. Rather than looking at the scene horizontally, we now have to also consider height and depth.
Like Climbing speed, creatures with a swimming speed do not have to make an athletics check to swim. They simply swim at the speed indicated on their stat block.
Creatures without a swim speed will need to make an athletics check. When swimming, creatures that do not have a swim speed travel at half of their normal movement speed.
I feel like underwater combat deserves its own article because there is so much that goes into it. I’ll write that up soon.
As it relates to movement, a character without a swimming speed treats water as difficult terrain.
Mixing Up Your Movement in D&D 5e
Using Different Movement Speeds
So what happens if a character or creature has multiple movement speeds?
It is possible to mix up your movement using whichever speeds are appropriate given the circumstance.
In this case, subtract the distance that you have already moved from the new movement’s speed and continue on. The difference is how far you can continue to move with the new movement. If the result is 0 or less, you cannot use the new movement speed this turn.
I admit that this can get a bit confusing, but let’s use an example!
The Players Handbook mentions this with the example of a wizard casting the Fly spell on your character.
Let’s assume that your character has a movement speed of 30ft plus their newly-acquired flying speed of 60 ft.
In this case, you might choose to fly 20 feet to get to the top of a wall where your ally is fighting some hobgoblins. You land on the wall and run 10 feet forward to attack a hobgoblin, striking it down.
Because you flew 20 feet and walked 10, that is subtracted from your fly speed of 60 feet granted by the Fly spell.
Upon slaying the hobgoblin, you can take back to the air with another 30 feet of flying movement.
Moving Between Attacks
Your movement is not a distinct phase of your turn. Rather, it represents the maximum amount that your character is able to move throughout their turn.
Because of this, characters can absolutely choose to break up their movement throughout their turn.
A character might move 10 feet forward and use their first attack on Goblin A. Slaying Goblin A, the character then moves an extra 20 feet forward and attacks Goblin B.
Conclusion – Movement in D&D 5e
Movement is such a vital part of combat and exploration in D&D.
You want to make sure that you’re aware of all of the options available to you when it comes to how you move and position yourself.
For Dungeon Masters, understanding these different movements is particularly important.
Not only do you want to be able to clarify the mechanics for your players, but how creatures move should certainly be a major consideration when planning an encounter!
That is a bit of bullshit. Why can’t you have small creatures that are fast? They do exist in real life. Not having this means you cannot have conditions where you have to fight large mobs of weak but fast creatures. Think 5000 rats each dealing 1 damage and die as soon as you hit them, but they move 5 times faster than you and can atack 100 at the same time. That would be a real challenge and a TPK for any group with AOE magic no matter how strong or tanky.
Hi Ciprian!
Most smaller characters are limited to 25 feet of movement, but monsters/enemies can be all over the place!
One of my favorite enemies to throw against players is the Quickling. They’re tiny creatures with a CRAZY movement speed of 120 feet!
A type of mega-swarm of rats like you mentioned could make for a very interesting encounter. The standard rat swarm moves 30 feet, but as a DM you’re always able to make changes to creatures’ stat blocks that you feel are appropriate for the encounter you’re creating.
Challenges like you mentioned where the party has to outrun and outwit enemies instead of just doing the most damage can be a great way to add variety and tension to the game! 🙂
I’m not sure if i understand the logic behind switching movement type.
If a monster has a walk speed of 30ft and burrowing of 5ft, it can burrow 5ft then walk 25ft, but if instead it walks 5ft first then it can no longer burrow at all for the round and can only walk with the remaining 25ft?
Hi Alexandre!
It’s less dependent on the order of movement types. Of its 30 feet of total movement, 5 feet of that can be burrowing.
So a creature could walk 25 feet then burrow 5 feet or it could burrow up 5 feet from the ground then walk 25 feet.
For example, let’s say the party’s Wizard casts Fly on the Paladin. The Paladin now has a flight speed of 60 feet. Of this 60 feet of movement, 30 can be walking.
The Paladin can run 30 feet and then take to the air for the remaining 30. Or they could fly 30 feet then run the next 30 if they needed. If they’re just being silly, they could alternate between flying and running in 10 feet increments until they’ve moved the total of 60 feet.
Hope this helps! 🙂
I think you are wrong, IF fly grants you 60 feet and you can walk 30 then you are moving at 2 to 1 while flying, so in your instance if you flew 20 feet you can still walk 10 feet and then you can only still fly 20 feet afterwards. if i mathed correctly. As for the burrow speed that is your max burrow, you can’t dig 5 feet and walk 25. burrow is 1/6 your speed so you burrow 5 you can’t move afterwards.